In order to identify and name the still existing gender inequalities, the publication ’’Towards Real Equality between Women and Men’’ has been published every year since 2002. As a diagnostic tool, this publication collects and analyses data on the situation of women and men. It is intended as a benchmark to identify the sources of inequalities and to allow the conduct of public policies that act as much on practices as on individual consciences and collective representations. This 2017 edition is an educational tool for professionals wishing to have access to analysis of gender inequalities. Developed by the Department for Women’s Rights and Equality between Women and Men (SDFE) of the Directorate General of Social Cohesion (DGCS), in collaboration with its many institutional partners, it reveals existing inequalities and territorial disparities and highlights the public policies that are meant to address them.