The report analyses the concepts of gender and Gender-Based Violence (GBV) within the context of conventional weapons, the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) and the UN Programme of Action on small arms and light weapons (UNPoA). The report covers items, intended end users, destination countries, criteria and indicators which are relevant for assessing whether or not an arms transfer could result in GBV. It also provides informative guidelines for preventing GBV through arms control measures, such as legislation, national commissions, disarmament, demobilization and reintegration processes, data collection and international aid.