Despite the steps forward Arab women have done in democracy and gender equality, and the increase in their access to education and work, their efforts are still not fully effective. This is mainly due to the traditional systems in the Arab society, which limit women’s access to labour, political participation and decision making. This book defines the concept of gender and its relationship with the cultural dimensions of women’s status in the family, society, legal systems and women’s rights charters and Conventions. Furthermore, it examines gender relations in economy in general and the extent and effects of the participation (or lack of participation) of Arab women in economic activities. The book aims to mainstream gender among the decision-makers and, most importantly, among the generation of young Arab students to raise awareness on the importance of a change in policies and legislations and for a more fair and equitable society for Arab women.