The Gender Equality Initiative was launched by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to help governments to promote gender equality in terms of education, employment and entrepreneurship (the "3Es"). This document corresponds to the report submitted to the OECD Council, held in May 2011. It examines the situation related to several gender aspects, such as the links between the disciplines studied and the gaps in cognitive skills between men and women; the predominance of women in public employment or the men-women issue in relation to entrepreneurship in the OECD member countries and certain non-member countries.