This report introduces the measures taken by certain research institutions to attract women into research and innovation. It analyses the progress achieved in legislation, participation and politics, and emphasizes the importance of the role of EU policy-makers, scientific institutions and other related actors to make gender equality advance in research and innovation. Thus, the report identifies several problems, notably the lack of transparency in decision-making, the unconscious prejudices in institutional practices, human resource management, or the relation between excellence and diversity.